Knee replacement is a surgical option to treat arthritis pain or damage from a traumatic or degenerative injury that does not respond to other treatment options. In knee replacement surgery, the doctor replaces surfaces that support bone and cartilage weight with artificial parts made of metal and plastic. A round implant at one end is used for the femur, mimicking the natural shape of the joint.

In the tibia the component is flat, although sometimes a stem is used that goes down inside the bone for greater stability. The parts of the artificial joint are designed to fit smoothly, eliminating the pain that is caused when the bones rub against each other. Knee replacement surgery can be performed as a total or partial knee replacement.

Hip replacement is a surgical option to treat arthritis pain or damage from a traumatic or degenerative injury that does not respond to other treatment options. In hip replacement surgery, the doctor replaces surfaces that support bone and cartilage weight with artificial parts made of metal and plastic. The damaged femoral head is removed and replaced with a metal stem that is placed in the central hole of the femur. A metal or ceramic dial is placed over the top of the stem to replace the damaged femoral head.

The surface of the damaged cartilage in the cavity (acetabulum) is removed and replaced with a metal receptacle. A plastic, ceramic or metal separator is inserted between the ball and the new acetabulum to allow a sliding surface. The parts of the artificial joint are designed to fit smoothly, eliminating the pain that is caused when the bones rub against each other. Hip replacement surgery aims to relieve pain, increase movement and help you return to normal daily activities.

Arthroscopy allows your doctor to look inside the knee joint and make certain repairs without a larger incision needed for traditional surgery. In an arthroscopic procedure, the doctor makes a small incision and then instruments containing a miniature fiber optic television camera and a lighting system to magnify and illuminate the internal structures of the joint are inserted.

Surgical instruments can be inserted through small nearby incisions, allowing the surgeon to make repairs. Arthroscopic surgery is a very valuable tool, since it is generally easier for the patient than "open" surgery. Possible procedures with the use of this technique include the removal of any inflammatory / degenerative organ or tissue loose in the joint, smoothing irregular surfaces and repair of cartilage, ligaments, muscles and tendons.

In the knee, it is often used for meniscus tears (cartilage), chondromalacia (wear or damage of the cartilage cushion), anterior cruciate ligament tears with instability and synovitis (inflammation of the mucosa in the knee). < / p>