Head and Neck Clinic
Home
Gynecological Tumor Clinic
Digestive and Minimally Invasive Tumor Clinic
Breast Tumor Clinic
Skin Cancer (Melanoma) and Sarcoma Clinic
Head and Neck Clinic
What are head and neck tumors?
Head and neck tumors are abnormal cell growths that can appear in different parts of the body, including the mouth, throat, nose, sinuses, salivary glands, and larynx (voice box). These tumors can be benign (noncancerous) or malignant (cancerous). Malignant tumors are the ones that concern us the most, as they can grow and spread to other parts of the body.
The most common head and neck tumors are:
1. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
This is the most common type of cancer in this region. It usually originates in the cells that line the mouth, throat, and larynx. Risk factors include tobacco and alcohol use, as well as human papillomavirus (HPV) infection.
2. Salivary Gland Tumors
Although less common, they can appear in the glands that produce saliva. Some of these tumors are benign, but others can be malignant.
3. Nasopharyngeal Cancer
This type of cancer develops in the upper part of the throat, behind the nose. It is more common in some parts of the world and is associated with HPV and exposure to certain chemicals.
4. Thyroid Cancer
The thyroid gland is a butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck. Factors that affect risk include age, sex, and radiation exposure.
5. Enlarged Lymph Nodes
The lymph nodes in the neck can become swollen due to infections, injuries, cancer, tumors, or allergic reactions.
6. Melanoma
Although it is best known for appearing on the skin, melanoma can also develop on the mucous membranes of the mouth and throat.
Signs and Symptoms to Watch For
It’s important to be aware of certain signs and symptoms that may indicate the presence of a tumor in the head and neck. If you experience any of the following, I recommend you see a doctor for an evaluation.
- Lumps or bumps: If you notice a lump in your neck, jaw, or mouth that doesn’t go away, it’s important to have it checked out. This is especially important if it’s rock-hard and can’t be moved, grows rapidly, or is red and painful.
- Difficulty swallowing: If you find it difficult or painful to swallow, don’t ignore it.
- Change in voice: If your voice changes or becomes hoarse and this persists for more than two weeks, it’s a reason to see a doctor.
Sores or lesions: Any sore in the mouth or throat that doesn’t heal after two weeks should be evaluated. - Unexplained bleeding: If you have bleeding from your mouth or nose for no apparent reason, it’s important to get it checked out.
- Persistent pain: Pain that doesn’t go away in your mouth, throat, or neck can be a warning sign.
- Unexplained weight loss: If you’ve lost weight without making changes to your diet or exercise, it’s important to mention it to your doctor.
Remember that not all lumps or symptoms are necessarily cancer, but it’s essential to get regular checkups and don’t hesitate to consult a specialist if you notice anything unusual.
Early detection is key to successful treatment. If you have any further questions or concerns, don’t hesitate to ask!
